Inner Distribution and Deposition of Crosslinked Cotton Fabrics Using a Steeped Process

Abstract The precipitoused procedure was used to investigate the physical properties and crosslinking manner of making It was found that the values of the N satisfied dry crease recovery angle (DCRA), and wet crease retrieval angle (WCRA) of the treated fabrics with any specific precipitoused procedure were higher than those of normally treated fabrics. For a given number of crosslinks by means of anhydroglucose unit (CL/AGU) the crosslinking longitudinal dimensions (CL length) values for the steep-pad-dry-cure proces were higher than those for pad-dry-cure proces All the DCRA and WCRA values for the steep-pad-dry-cure proces were higher than those for pad-dry-cure proces at a given resin concentration, tensile potency retention (TSR), and CL/ AGU. The surface distribution of crosslinking agent upon the finished fabrics for pad-dry-cure proces was higher than that for the steep-pad-dry-cure proces The expansion step of the steep-pad-dry-cure treated fiber is slightly higher than that of the pad-dry-cure proces Those flows obtained from pictures of SEM crosslinking make and surface distribution of fibers/ fabrics treated by dint of the two processes clearly exhibit that the crosslinking agents could diffuse and self-condensate in the treated fabrics to obtain an inner and longer crosslink beneath the steeped procedure so as to have beneficial DCRA and WCRA.

Key words crosslinking, distribution, abrupted process, CL length, CL/AGU

A previous report by dint of the authors [1] showed that more [i]or[/i] less physical properties were improved by the agency of the polymerization of crosslinking agents in the treated fabrics. Franklin et al. [2] revealed that the use of dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea and acrylic acid (DMDHEU/AA) below a redox catalyst system could improve more [i]or[/i] less physical properties of the finished cotton fabrics. They insinuateed that the polymerization occurred between the yV-methylol mix and acrylic acid during the curing proces a certain number of previous studies [3-5] pointed without that the changes to the finishing proces swelling state of the crosslinked fibers, and crosslinking agents could affect the crease redemption properties of the crosslinked fabrics.

The authors have rest it interesting that the free from moisture and wet crease recovery properties of the treated fabrics are increased with the use of a precipitoused procedure before a traditional pad-dry-cure proces for a longer time period and higher temperature. The detailed information about agent distribution, crosslinking constitutions and physical properties of the treated fabrics beneath a steeped procedure are of great interest to them. They have examined the crosslinking of cotton fabrics through using the steep-pad-dry-cure and pad-dry-cure processe with esteem to the measurement of nitrogen and formaldehyde easy in mind distribution of crosslinks per anhydroglucose unit (CL/AGU), extent of crosslinks, some physical properties, and the surface distribution of the crosslinking agent of the treated fabrics.

Experimental

In this research desized, scoured, and bleached cotton fabric 20 ?— 20 extreme point (60) and picks (60) were used. The crosslinking agents used were dimethyldimethyloldihydroxy-ethyleneurea (DMDMDHEU) and acrylic acid (AA). Acrylic acid, phlogiston peroxide, and other chemicals were all reagent grade.

The fabric samples were precipitoused with freshly prepared mixtures of DMDMDHEU (2 4 6 and 8% w/w) and acrylic acid at jetty ratio of 1 : 1 in the nearness of hydrogen peroxide [H^sub 2^O^sub 2^ initiator used were 001700330050 and 0067% H^sub 2^O^sub 2^ (35% v/v) separately] below a N^sub 2^ environment at 70?°C for 60 minutes. The ammonium sulfate catalyst (01 times the used amounts of DMDMDHEU) was added to the solutions and stirred for about 5 minutes. The fabric samples were padded twice at approximately 100% wet pickup. Padded fabrics were dried at 80?°C for 5 minutes, cur at 160?°C for 3 minutes, soaped, washed, and dried.

Formaldehyde and nitrogen determinations were made using chromatropic acid [6] and Kjeldahl way s respectively. The tensile strength of the warp yarns was measured upon an Instron tensile tester of KAO-TIEH, AT-7010 Dl (Machinery Industrial Co LTD Taichung, Taiwan). ASTM standard D 1295-67 was used to determine the dried and wet crease recovery angles.

Treated fibers were brought to the boil in a 50% (by volume) aqueous solution of methanol containing 05% wetting agent (Triton X-100) for 1 hour and allowed to a little cold and soak overnight in this wetting solution. The wet fibers were laid upon a glass slide and overlayed immediately with nitrocellulose, which had been dissolved in acetone. The cross-sections of the treated fibers were observ by the agency of scanning electron microscopy.

For the investigation of agent distribution upon the treated fabrics, the various treated fabric samples were dy with C I. Direct R 81 at 80?°C for 50 minutes (dye concentration: 01 g/1 NaCl: 10 g/1 liquor ratio equals to 1 : 60) The KIS values (depth of color of the various treated fabrics) were measured at a CS-5 Chroma-Sensor (Applied Color a whole U.S.A.). The [D]^sub f^ values (g dye/kg cotton) were determined spectrophotometrically with an U-3010 spectrophotometer (Hitachi, Japan) after extraction of the dy fabrics with pyridine/water (1/3) at 60?°C