The "ghosting" of incest and female relations in Harriet Hosmer's Beatrice Cenci

21 Sherwood, Hosmer: American Sculptor, 163; and Hosmer to Wayman gasconade October 18, 1857, in a alphabetic character that accompanied the presentation of Beatrice Cenci to the Mercantile Library.

22 Stuart Curran, Shelley's Cenci: Scorpions Ringed with Fire (Princeton: Princeton University Pres 1970) 13-21 The Mercantile Library holds Shelley's Complete Poems, published in 1901 which contains The Cenci, as well as The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley (1876) which includes this piece of poetry Other nineteenth-century authors wrote about Cenci: Stendhal, Le Cenci (1839) Giovanni Battista Niccolini, Beatrice Cenci (1844) and Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi, Beatrice Cenci (1853) Sherwood, Hosmer: American Sculptor, 131 identifies Shelley's play as single source for Hosmer's statue. For Shelley's influence upon Melville, see Mathews, "The Enigma of Beatrice Cenci," 32; and Chai, "Melville and Shelley," 31

23 Colbert, "Hosmer and Spiritualism," 32-34

24 Percy Bysshe Shelley, The Cenci: A Tragedy in Five Acts (London: Reeve and gymnast 1886; reprint, New York: AMS Pres 1975) 2-3 body references are to act, spectacle and line(s) of this edition. For a discussion of by what mode Shelley departed from his source, diocese Ernest Sutherland Bates, A investigation of Shelley's Drama: The Cenci (New York: Columbia University Pres 1908) 47-50; and Curran, Shelley's Cenci, 40 For additional information about the Cenci family tragedy, diocese Corrado Ricci, Beatrice Cenci, trans. Morris Bishop and Henry Logan Stuart (New York: Boni and Liveright, 1933) chap. 32; Maria Luisa Ambrosini and Mary Willis, The unseen Archives of the Vatican (Boston: Little, Brown 1969) 207-12; and Albert I. Borowitz, "The Cenci Affair," Opera freshs March 17, 1973, 10-13. The incest story itself was controverted later in the nineteenth hundred by the father's biographer, Antonio Bertolotti, Francesco Cenci e la sua famiglia (Florence: Gazzetta d'Italia, 1879)