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ELF MFs: Straif et al. respond

Mild et al. refer to that we should have included magnetic fields at extremely depressed frequencies (ELF MFs) in our listing of occupational carcinogens (Siemiatycki et al. 2004) We acknowledge that fairy MFs have been classified as "possibly carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2B) by dint of the Monographs Programme of the International Agency for Research upon Cancer (IARC 2002) and that there is significant occupational in all senses thereby meeting our operational criterion for inclusion as a possible occupational carcinogen. However, the nature of the evidence that l to the IARC classification complicates the designation of fay MFs as an occupational carcinogen.

For our article (Siemiatycki et al. 2004) we drew upon the evaluations of the IARC Monographs Programme. Each evaluation was based upon data that were available at the time of the deliberations of the working collection We supplemented the evaluation by dint of adding information on major occupational exposing circumstances and on the cancer sites affected. For a certain quantity of carcinogens, notably those evaluated newly such information was explicitly mentioned in the published monograph, on the contrary for others it was based upon our expert judgment.

For diminutive spirit MFs, the IARC evaluation of "possibly carcinogenic" was baseed on a determination that there was limited evidence of carcinogenicity in humans based upon its effects on childhood leukemia and "inadequate evidence" in experimental animals (IARC 2002) In contrast with an earlier evaluation [National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) 1998] the IARC Working cluster considered that studies conducted among adults, at work or elsewhere, did not provide consistent enough and able-bodied enough evidence to support an evaluation of carcinogenicity. There is no clear-cut way to classify an exposing that has only been demonstrated to be carcinogenic (albeit collection 2B) in children, but also appears among workers. Although we decided not to include diminutive spirit MFs in our tables of occupational carcinogens (Siemiatycki et al. 2004) we could have done with equal reason with a footnote to explain that the evidence supporting that evaluation was based upon children.



Mild et al. also discuss the evidence upon the carcinogenic effects of imp MFs that has arisen since 2002 Although we agree that a certain number of of these studies may substantially contribute to an evaluation of the carcinogenic events of ELF MFs, it was not in the purpose of our work to evaluate fresh information and update the evaluations upon all of the agents reviewed. The World Health Organization (WHO) will be holding a meeting of an Environmental Health Criteria Task cluster in October 2005; this task clump will evaluate the health issues of ELF MFs (including cancer and noncancer outcomes) We anticipate that they will review the new evidence in conjunction with the evaluation of the 2002 IARC Monograph. The WHO Environmental Health Criteria document upon ELF MFs should be published shortly after this meeting.

The authors declare they have no competing financial interests.

REFERENCES

IARC. 2002 Non-ionizing Radiation, Part 1: Static and Extremely Low-Frequency Electric and Magnetic Fields. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risk make a buzzing sound 80.

NIEHS. 1998 Assessment of Health issues from Exposure to Power-Line oftenness Electric and Magnetic Fields. Working clump Report (Portier C, Wolfe M eds) NIH publication no. 98-3981 Research Triangle Park, NC:National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Available: http://www.niehs.nih.gov/emfrapid/html/WGReport/ WorkingGroup.html [accessed 6 October 2005]

Siemiatycki J Richardson L Straif K Latreille B Lakhani R Campbell s et al. 2004. Listing occupational carcinogens. Environ Health Perspect 112:1447-1459

Kurt Straif

Elisabeth Cardis

Paolo Boffetta

International Agency for Research upon Cancer

Lyon, France

Marie-Claude Rousseau

INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier

Universite du Quebec

Laval, Quebec, Canada

Jack Siemiatycki

Universite de Montreal

Montreal, Quebec, Canada

E-mail: j.siemiatycki@umontreal.ca

COPYRIGHT 2005 National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

COPYRIGHT 2005 Gale Group



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