Development of a Music Group Psychotherapy Intervention for the Primary Prevention of Adjustment Difficulties in Korean Adolescent Girls

PROBLEM: Traditionally, adolescent mental health in Korea has not been a prime focus for educators, health workers, and politicians, notwithstanding a majority of sampled adolescents report interpersonal sensitivity (Kim, 2003)

METHOD: Thirty-five adolescent girls took part in a six-session school-based music collection psychotherapy pilot intervention designed to further relationships and improve self-control skills.

FINDING: Participants identified several consequence benefits that may serve as protective factors in their continued social and emotional unfolding

CONCLUSIONS: Music is a medium that advances interpersonal relatedness among Korean adolescent girls. More research is necessary to identify long-term benefits of preventive music cluster psychotherapy interventions among the adolescent population.

Search terms: Adolescent psychiatric nursing, Korean adolescents, music therapy, prevention

Adolescents are faced with the developmental task of forming a positive identity within the connected thought [i]or[/i] thoughts of their culture. Maturational change toward autonomy and independence is awaited in American culture. In comparison, as Korean adolescents mature, they are wait fored to conform to social norms and to throw into the shade academically. The tasks of adolescents can be challenging and sometimes difficult. In a large contemplate of 2,052 Korean adolescents, Kim (2003) reported a high prevalence of interpersonal sensitivity (743%) depression (569%) and anxiety (488%) with girls scoring higher than male childs in all three symptoms. Culture-specific stressors that might contribute to psychological symptoms in Korean adolescents include academic demands, excessive expectations and demands of parents, and mate conflict or rejection (Kim). Traditionally, adolescent mental health in Korea has not been a primary issue for educators, health workers, and politicians. Not surprisingly, there has been actual limited intervention research into adolescent mental health and primary prevention of adjustment difficulties.

Early adolescence is characterized by the agency of rapid and significant changes in physical, social, cognitive, and emotional functioning (Washburn-Ormachea, Hillman, & Sawilowsky, 2004) During adolescence, male childs and girls face several challenges, like as forming bonds with equals differentiating themselves from their family members, and establishing their adult identities (Richaud de Minzi, 2003) With this recognition has advance a new emphasis on the risk and protective factors in adolescent disclosure (Kuperminc, Blatt, Shahar, Henrich, & Lendbeater, 2004) Although a certain number of anxiety or depressive episodes may be temporary or self-limiting, many adolescents, especially socially isolated singles have a high level of distress above their lifetime (Tremblay, Dahinten, & Kohen, 2003)

The final cause of this pilot study, therefore, was to examine the effectiveness of a school-based nursing intervention using music as a composing of group psychotherapy for healthy Korean adolescent girls. The goal of the music cluster psychotherapy intervention with adolescent girls was to assist active relationships and improve perception of self-government This pilot study included music as a medium to help interpersonal discussion and to circumvent the typical resistance in early adolescent clusters (Corey & Corey, 1997). A school-based intervention was used in order to approach learners with various levels of social and emotional adjustment and to avoid involving any potential stigma that might be associated with attending psychiatric settings (Lamb, Puskar, Sereika, & Corcoran, 1998)

Literature Review

Adolescents' relationships with compeers fulfill personal needs for social support and provide a words immediately preceding [i]or[/i] following for the development of intimacy, social ability and well-being. Cross-sectional research supports the part of self-definition and processes of interpersonal relatedness as protective factors against adolescent maladjustment across diverse clusters (Kuperminc et al., 2004). In contrast, social isolation in girls has been linked to depression and suicidal ideation (Bearman & variable 2004; Tremblay et al., 2003) Female sex has been identified as a risk factor for interpersonal stres and depressive symptoms during adolescence, perhaps because girls have a more affiliate and social nature or different sensitivity to stressful life occurrences (Rushton, Forcier, & Schectman, 2002; Wagner & Compas, 1990) Washburn-Ormachea et al. (2004) ground that girls were more likely than male childs to report peer-related stressors and intimacy question at issues Girls also reported peer-related facts as more stressful than did striplings The authors hypothesized that girls might perceive interpersonal point to be solved [i]or[/i] settleds as more stressful than lads because the identity of adolescent girls is associated more with interpersonal relationships than the identity of adolescent lads

Music has been rest to have many therapeutic and protective consequences among adults in a variety of healthcare settings. Mok and Wong (2003) investigated music as a course of reducing patients' anxiety during minor surgery with local anesthesia. Forty patients who listened to their choice of music during surgery experienced significantly lower anxiety horizontals heart rates, and blood compressing than patient controls who did not listen to music. Chlan (2004) examined the consequences of music to facilitate relaxation and allay anxiety in 27 patients who were ventilator-dependent. Heart rates and respiratory rates were entrained or synchronized with the music's relaxing regular [i]or[/i] melodious movements resulting in decreases in these measures above the intervention period. Those subdues receiving the music therapy reported significantly les state-anxiety than the mastery participants.