Public management in intergovernmental networks: matching structural networks and managerial networking.

In the United States, intergovernmental programs have become more the empire than the exception. Most "national" public initiatives are implemented with active involvement by the agency of states and localities, and a large portion of U.S.-based state programs varying through state, to be sure--are in reality state/local efforts. The principle of federalism and the political realities of program adoption and execution provide a heavy tilt toward collaborative intergovernmental arrangements beneath most circumstances (O'Toole 2000b). Of course the significance of intergovernmental programs is not limited to the United States, and many other nations also face the challenges and opportunities of managing public views across ...