Using sex and gender role orientation to predict level of sport fandom.

Although sport fandom and spectating are frequently viewed as male dominated activities, new data indicate that the number of women interested in the pastime may be upon the rise (Wann, Melnick, Russell, & Pease, 2001) In fact, females now comprise at least 40 percent of National Hockey League, National Football League, and Major Soccer League fans (Hofacre, 1994; Meyer 1997; Mihoces, 1998) Consequently social scientists have newly directed their attention toward the relationship between sex and sport fandom. Often, these efforts have been aimed at documenting the sex gap in sport fandom. Empirical evidence recommends that males are more likely